1 Reliability and validity are the fundamental concepts in research, used to assess the quality of research which together specify how well a methodology, data-collection technique or data analysis is planned to measure study variables or parameters. The validity factor in research is about the assessment of how accurate is the measure of data or results, while the reliability factor is about the consistency of a measure of results or data. Keywords: Validity, Reliability, Medical research, Methodology, Assessment, Research tools. An attempt has been taken to give a brief literature review regarding the significance of reliability and validity in medical sciences. It describes and explores comprehensively the reliability and validity of research instruments and also discusses different forms of reliability and validity with concise examples. The current narrative review was planned to discuss the importance of reliability and validity of data-collection or measurement techniques used in research. Validity is about what an instrument measures and how well it does so, whereas reliability concerns the truthfulness in the data obtained and the degree to which any measuring tool controls random error. Reliability and validity are among the most important and fundamental domains in the assessment of any measuring methodology for data-collection in a good research.
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